Introduction: Spontaneous intracerebral hematoma (ICH) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for early mortality still need to be clearly elucidated. In this study, it was aimed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality, hematoma volume and the presence of intravascular hematoma in subjects presenting with spontaneous ICH.
Methods: All consecutive subjects (>18 years) admitted to the intensive care unit between January 2013 and June 2021 with spontaneous ICH were analyzed retrospectively. Detailed systemic and neurological examinations was recorded and evaluated from files
Results: A total of 335 subjects (51.3% male, median age 68 [55-77] years) with ICH were included in the study. Of these, 230 were smokers (68.6%), 105 were non-smokers (31.4%). Compared to non-smokers, smokers had lower Glasgow coma scale score (p=0.036), larger hematoma volume (p=0.034), higher frequency of intraventricular hematoma (p=0.013). Multiple logistic regression revealed that smokers had 2.069-fold higher risk of death than non-smokers (OR: 2.069, 95% CI: 1.115-3.839, p=0.021). Smoking was also independently associated with the presence of intraventricular hematoma (OR: 1.669, 95% CI: 1.027-2.711, p=0.039).
Discussion and Conclusion: The findings of this study show that smokers have a 2.069-fold greater risk of 30-day mortality and a 1.669-fold higher likelihood of having intraventricular hematoma following spontaneous ICH than non-smokers.
Keywords: Intracerebral hematoma, mortality, smoking, tobacco, intraventricular hematoma
, Bülent Gülensoy2 
