The Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Intraoral Scanning Systems in the Detection and Classification of Caries Lesions

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intraoral scanning systems in the detection and classification of caries lesions using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and the presence of fissure sealant on the tooth.
Methods: Six molar teeth in different classes according to ICDAS classification were randomly placed in the prepared mandibular model. The model was scanned using three different intraoral scanners (3shape Trios 5, 3shape Trios 3, and Eighteeth Helios 600). Fissure sealant was applied to the tooth, and the same scanning procedures were performed again. Training on the ICDAS classification was given to five oral and maxillofacial radiology assistants. After training, observers evaluated three different data sets, and the main model obtained from different scanners recorded their scores on the training card.
Results: Model within-observer consistencies and within-observer model consistencies were excellent in reliability with each other. When the success rates are compared according to the model and devices, it is determined after clinical observation of the model that the highest success rate is achieved with the 3Shape Trios 3 scanner (66.7%). In contrast, the lowest success rate is observed with the Eighteeth Helios 600 scanner (53.3%). When teeth were examined individually, all observers made correct predictions for teeth 36 (ICDAS 6) and 48 (ICDAS 0) in the clinical observation of the model and all devices. The fissure sealant was also detected by all observers.
Discussion and Conclusion: The study demonstrates that intraoral scanners can be used to diagnose dental cavities with respect to ICDAS. Additionally, it seems to be useful for identifying the presence of fissure sealant.

Keywords: Biomaterials; Caries; ICDAS, Intraoral scanner; Tissue determination